What Score is Good for ACT: Your Complete Guide to Understanding ACT Scores and College Admissions

Every year, over 1.3 million high school students take the ACT, each hoping to achieve a score that will open doors to their dream college. But what exactly constitutes a « good » ACT score? The answer isn’t as straightforward as you might think. Your ideal ACT score depends on your college aspirations, the competitiveness of your target schools, and your personal academic goals.

Understanding ACT scoring can feel overwhelming, especially when you’re juggling college applications, scholarship opportunities, and the pressure to perform well. The reality is that there’s no universal « good » score—what matters is finding the right score for your specific situation. Whether you’re aiming for an Ivy League institution or a state university, this comprehensive guide will help you understand exactly what ACT score you need to achieve your college dreams.

Understanding the ACT Scoring System

The Basics of ACT Scoring

The ACT score range spans from 1 to 36, with your composite score being the average of your four test scores (English, mathematics, reading, science), rounded to the nearest whole number. This composite score is what colleges primarily focus on when evaluating your application, though they may also consider individual section scores for specific programs.

The four main sections of the ACT are:

English: Tests grammar, usage, punctuation, and rhetorical skills
Mathematics: Covers algebra, geometry, and trigonometry
Reading: Assesses reading comprehension and reasoning skills
Science: Evaluates scientific reasoning and data interpretation

Each section is scored independently on the same 1-36 scale, and your composite score represents your overall performance across all four areas.

Optional Writing Section

While not included in your composite score, the ACT Writing section provides a separate score that some colleges require or recommend. This section is scored on a scale of 2-12 and evaluates your ability to write a coherent, well-structured essay in response to a prompt.

Score Reporting and Superscoring

Many colleges practice « superscoring, » which means they’ll take your highest section scores from multiple test dates to create the highest possible composite score. This policy can work in your favor if you perform better on different sections across multiple test attempts.

What is the Average ACT Score?

National Average Scores

The latest scoring data (2024) shows that the average composite score on the ACT is 19.6. By section, the national averages are: English average score: 18.7, Math average score: 19.1, Reading average score: 20.2, Science average score: 19.7. These averages provide a baseline for understanding how your score compares to other test-takers nationwide.

However, it’s important to note that the national average composite score for the ACT test in 2024 was 19.4, with slight variations depending on the source and reporting methodology.

State-by-State Variations

Average ACT scores vary significantly by state due to differences in participation rates, educational systems, and college-going culture. For example, the average composite score for the Class of 2024 in Texas was a 19.4. States with higher participation rates often have lower average scores because they include a broader range of student abilities.

Understanding Score Trends

ACT scores have remained relatively stable over the past decade, with minor fluctuations from year to year. This consistency means that historical data remains relevant when setting your target score and understanding how you compare to other test-takers.

Defining a « Good » ACT Score

Score Classifications by Percentile

Scores between 31 and 36 place you among the top performers, ideal for the most selective colleges. Here’s how ACT scores generally break down:

Exceptional (99th-100th percentile): 34-36

These scores place you in the top 1% of all test-takers
Ideal for Ivy League schools and other highly selective institutions
Often qualify for significant merit scholarships

Excellent (95th-99th percentile): 30-33

Strong scores for competitive colleges and universities
Typically meet or exceed requirements for most selective schools
Qualify for many merit-based scholarships

Above Average (75th-94th percentile): 24-29

Solid scores for most four-year colleges and universities
Competitive for state schools and many private institutions
May qualify for some merit aid opportunities

Average (50th-74th percentile): 20-23

If you score a 23, you’re above average. You’ve actually hit the 75th percentile, which means you made a higher score than 75% of all test takers.
Acceptable for many colleges and universities
May need to strengthen other application components

Below Average (Below 50th percentile): 19 and below

May limit college options
Consider retaking the test or exploring test-optional schools
Focus on community colleges or less selective four-year institutions

Contextual Factors

What constitutes a « good » score depends heavily on your specific circumstances:

Your College Goals: Less selective institutions tend to accept scores closer to the National average of 21, whereas more competitive universities often prefer scores in the 32-36 range.

Geographic Location: Regional preferences and in-state versus out-of-state competition can influence score expectations.

Intended Major: Some programs, particularly in STEM fields, may have higher score expectations for mathematics and science sections.

Financial Considerations: Higher scores often correlate with better scholarship opportunities, making them particularly valuable for students seeking financial aid.

ACT Score Requirements by College Type

Ivy League and Elite Universities

The most selective colleges in the United States typically expect ACT scores in the 32-36 range. For the 2024-2025 cycle, only Columbia University, University of Pennsylvania, and Princeton University remain test-optional. Brown University, Harvard University, Yale University, and Dartmouth University all require standardized test score submissions.

These institutions often have middle 50% ranges (25th-75th percentile) that fall between 33-36, meaning that even a score of 32 might place you in the bottom quarter of admitted students.

Highly Selective Universities

Top-tier public universities and prestigious private colleges typically look for scores in the 28-32 range. Schools like the University of California system, University of Michigan, and Northwestern University fall into this category.

Competitive State Universities

Most well-regarded state universities and solid private colleges prefer scores in the 24-28 range. These institutions offer excellent education and career opportunities while being more accessible to a broader range of students.

Regional Universities and Colleges

Many quality regional institutions and smaller private colleges are comfortable with scores in the 20-24 range, especially when combined with strong grades and extracurricular activities.

Community Colleges and Open-Access Institutions

These schools typically don’t have minimum ACT requirements or may use scores primarily for course placement rather than admission decisions.

How to Determine Your Target ACT Score

Research Your Target Schools

When researching colleges, check the 25th and 75th percentile ACT scores for admitted students. This information, often called the « middle 50% » range, gives you a realistic picture of what scores successful applicants typically achieve.

Creating Your School List:

Reach Schools: Your ACT score should be at or above the 75th percentile
Target Schools: Colleges where your ACT score falls firmly within their middle 50% range typically indicate a good fit for your application
Safety Schools: Colleges where your ACT score is well above their middle 50% range suggest a higher likelihood of acceptance

Consider Your Academic Profile

Your ACT score should align with your overall academic performance. If you have a strong GPA, challenging coursework, and solid extracurricular activities, you may be competitive at schools even if your ACT score falls slightly below their typical range.

Factor in Scholarship Opportunities

Most require ACT scores of 30 or higher for full-ride scholarships. However, partial scholarships may be available with lower scores, and the specific requirements vary significantly by institution.

Set Realistic but Ambitious Goals

Set a realistic but ambitious goal for yourself based on your current academic performance and the time you can dedicate to test preparation. Most students can improve their scores with dedicated study, but dramatic increases require significant effort and time.

Strategies for Improving Your ACT Score

Diagnostic Testing and Baseline Establishment

Before beginning your preparation, take a full-length practice test under realistic conditions. This diagnostic will help you identify your strengths and weaknesses across all four sections, allowing you to focus your study efforts where they’ll have the most impact.

Section-Specific Preparation Strategies

English Section Improvement:

Review grammar rules and punctuation conventions
Practice identifying redundant or unclear writing
Study rhetorical skills and passage organization
Focus on question types that frequently appear

Mathematics Section Enhancement:

Master fundamental algebra and geometry concepts
Practice with trigonometry problems if you’re aiming for higher scores
Work on time management strategies for the math section
Use the provided formulas reference sheet effectively

Reading Section Development:

Practice active reading techniques
Learn to identify main ideas and supporting details quickly
Develop strategies for different passage types (prose, social science, humanities, natural science)
Work on eliminating wrong answer choices efficiently

Science Section Mastery:

Focus on data interpretation and graph reading skills
Practice with different types of scientific passages
Learn to identify variables and relationships in experiments
Develop strategies for conflicting viewpoints passages

Test-Taking Strategies

Time Management: Each section has specific time limits, and learning to pace yourself is crucial. Practice with timed sections to build your internal clock and avoid spending too much time on difficult questions.

Guessing Strategy: There’s no penalty for wrong answers on the ACT, so you should answer every question. Develop a systematic approach to eliminating wrong answers and making educated guesses.

Test Day Preparation: Familiarize yourself with the test format, arrive early, and bring all necessary materials. Good physical preparation (adequate sleep, proper nutrition) can significantly impact your performance.

Study Resources and Timeline

Prep Books and Online Resources: Choose materials that align with your learning style and score goals. Many students benefit from official ACT prep materials, while others prefer third-party resources.

Practice Tests: Take multiple full-length practice tests under realistic conditions. This helps build stamina and identifies areas that need additional work.

Tutoring and Prep Courses: Consider professional help if you’re struggling with self-study or need significant score improvements. The investment can be worthwhile for students aiming for competitive schools.

Study Timeline: Most students benefit from 2-3 months of consistent preparation, studying 5-10 hours per week. Start earlier if you’re aiming for dramatic score improvements or if you’re balancing test prep with other demanding activities.

The Role of Test-Optional Policies

Understanding Test-Optional Admissions

The landscape of college admissions has evolved significantly, with many institutions adopting test-optional policies. However, For the 2024-2025 cycle, only Columbia University, University of Pennsylvania, and Princeton University remain test-optional. Brown University, Harvard University, Yale University, and Dartmouth University all require standardized test score submissions.

When to Submit ACT Scores

Even at test-optional schools, submitting strong ACT scores can strengthen your application. Consider submitting your scores if they’re at or above the school’s middle 50% range, as this demonstrates academic readiness and competitiveness.

Alternative Ways to Demonstrate Academic Ability

If you choose not to submit test scores, ensure other parts of your application strongly demonstrate your academic capabilities:

Maintain a strong GPA in challenging coursework
Provide compelling letters of recommendation
Write exceptional essays that showcase your abilities
Highlight significant extracurricular achievements

Retaking the ACT: When and How Often

Deciding Whether to Retake

Consider retaking the ACT if:

Your score is below the middle 50% range for your target schools
You experienced test-day issues that affected your performance
You’ve identified specific areas for improvement since your last test
You have adequate time for additional preparation

Optimal Timing for Retakes

Most students take the ACT 2-3 times, with the best results often coming from the second or third attempt. Plan your retakes strategically:

Allow 2-3 months between attempts for meaningful preparation
Consider your application deadlines when scheduling retakes
Take advantage of score choice policies at your target schools

Preparation Between Attempts

Focus your preparation on areas where you scored lowest in previous attempts. Many students see the most significant improvements in their second attempt, as they’re more familiar with the test format and timing.

ACT Scores and Scholarships

Merit-Based Scholarship Opportunities

Getting a score of 30 or above is also considered an excellent achievement and often qualifies students for significant merit-based scholarships. Many colleges offer automatic scholarships based on ACT scores combined with GPA requirements.

National Merit and Recognition Programs

While the National Merit Scholarship Program is based on PSAT scores, many other national and regional recognition programs consider ACT performance. These programs can provide both scholarship opportunities and college admission advantages.

State-Specific Scholarship Programs

Many states offer scholarship programs that consider ACT scores as part of their criteria. Research your state’s programs early in your high school career to understand the requirements and plan accordingly.

Frequently Asked Questions About ACT Scores

What’s the Difference Between a Good Score and a Competitive Score?

A good score meets the general expectations for college admission, while a competitive score gives you an advantage in the admissions process. The distinction depends on your target schools and applicant pools.

Should I Focus on My Composite Score or Individual Section Scores?

While the composite score is most important for general admissions, some programs pay attention to specific section scores. Engineering programs might emphasize math and science scores, while liberal arts programs might focus on English and reading.

How Do ACT Scores Compare to SAT Scores?

Both tests are widely accepted, and colleges don’t prefer one over the other. Choose the test that better suits your strengths and test-taking style. Many students perform similarly on both tests, but some find one format more comfortable.

Can I Improve My ACT Score Significantly?

Most students can improve their scores with dedicated preparation. Improvements of 3-5 points are common, while larger improvements require more intensive preparation and may not be achievable for all students.

How Long Are ACT Scores Valid?

ACT scores are typically valid for five years, though some colleges may have their own policies. If you took the test early in high school, check with your target schools about their specific requirements.

Beyond the Numbers: Holistic Admissions

The Complete Application Picture

While ACT scores are important, they’re just one component of your college application. Admissions officers consider:

Academic performance and course rigor
Letters of recommendation
Personal essays and statements
Extracurricular activities and leadership
Community service and work experience
Special talents or achievements

Demonstrating Growth and Potential

Colleges want to see students who will contribute to their campus community and succeed academically. Your ACT score should support this narrative, but it doesn’t need to be the strongest element of your application.

Building a Balanced Application Strategy

Focus on developing all aspects of your application rather than obsessing over achieving a perfect ACT score. A well-rounded application with a solid ACT score often outperforms an application with an excellent ACT score but weak other components.

Conclusion: Your Path to ACT Success

Understanding what constitutes a good ACT score is the first step in your college admissions journey. Remember that a « good score » on the ACT is based on comparisons to other test-takers and your admissions goals and targets. Your ideal score depends on your specific college aspirations, financial needs, and academic profile.

The key to ACT success lies in setting realistic goals, preparing systematically, and viewing your score as one important element of your overall college application strategy. Whether you’re aiming for a score of 24 to secure admission to your state university or targeting a 34 for Ivy League consideration, the principles remain the same: understand your goals, prepare thoroughly, and present a complete picture of your academic abilities and potential.

As you embark on your ACT preparation journey, remember that improvement is possible with dedication and the right strategies. Use the resources available to you, seek help when needed, and maintain perspective on the role of standardized testing in your broader educational goals. Your ACT score is an important stepping stone, but it’s not the final determinant of your college or career success.

Take the time to research your target schools thoroughly, understand their specific requirements and preferences, and develop a test-taking strategy that aligns with your strengths and goals. With careful planning and consistent effort, you can achieve an ACT score that opens doors to the college opportunities you’re seeking.

Key Takeaways:

The average ACT score is approximately 19.6, with scores ranging from 1-36
« Good » scores depend on your target colleges: 20-23 for most schools, 24-29 for competitive schools, 30+ for highly selective institutions
Focus on the middle 50% range of your target schools when setting score goals
Consider retaking the test if your score is below your target range
Remember that ACT scores are just one component of your college application

Additional Resources:

Official ACT website and prep materials
College admissions websites for specific score ranges
State scholarship program information
Test prep resources and practice materials
College counseling services at your school

Ready to start your ACT preparation journey? Begin by taking a diagnostic test and researching the score requirements for your target colleges. With the right preparation and mindset, you can achieve the ACT score that aligns with your college dreams.